Projectile Motion
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Projectile motion
Projectile motion
is a form of motion experienced by an object (the projectile) that is launched into the air and moves along a curved path under the sole influence of gravity.
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The defining characteristic of a projectile is that it possesses two independent types of motion at the same time:
Horizontal (x): It moves at a constant velocity. Because no horizontal force is pushing or pulling it, it covers the same distance sideways every second.
Vertical (y): It is in a state of free fall. Gravity causes it to accelerate downward at 9.8 m/s meaning it slows down as it rises and speeds up as it falls.
The Different Types of Projectile
The Different Types of Projectile
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1. Angled Launch (Level Ground)
The object is launched at an angle and lands at the same height it started. This is a symmetrical parabola; the time to go up equals the time to come down.
2. Angled Launch (Uneven Ground)
The object is launched at an angle from a height and lands higher or lower than its start. This is an asymmetrical parabola because the "up" and "down" parts of the trip are different lengths.
3. Horizontal Launch
The object is launched perfectly sideways from a height. It follows a half-parabola path, where the fall time depends only on the height.
Parts of Projectile Motion
Parts of Projectile Motion
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1. The Projectile
1. The Projectile
This is the object itself. Whether it is a soccer ball, a stone, or a dropped package, once it is launched and moving only under the influence of gravity (ignoring air resistance)
2. The Trajectory
2. The Trajectory
The trajectory is the actual path followed by the projectile. Because the object is moving horizontally at a constant speed while accelerating vertically due to gravity, this path always takes the shape of a parabola.
3. The Range
3. The Range
The range is the total horizontal distance traveled by the projectile from its starting point to the point where it returns to the same ground level.
4. Maximum Height
4. Maximum Height
Also known as the peak, this is the highest vertical point the projectile reaches.
5. Launch Angle
5. Launch Angle
This is the angle at which the projectile is released relative to the horizontal ground.
6. Initial Velocity
6. Initial Velocity
This is the speed and direction the object has the moment it is launched.
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